|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elektriciteit
en magnetisme
|
|
|
|
Elektromagnetisch
spectrum
|
|
|
|
Mechanica
|
|
|
|
|
|
Optica
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Radioactiviteit
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trillingen
en golven
|
|
|
|
|
Vloeistoffen,
gassen en warmteleer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Examenstof
VWO * HAVO ^
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elektriciteit
en magnetisme
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elektrische
stroom
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Elektrische
stroom
|
|
|
|
|
I =
Δ Q / Δ t
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Wet
van Ohm
|
|
|
|
|
U = I R
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Vermogen
elektrische stroom
|
|
|
|
P = U I
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Vermogen
elektrische stroom
|
|
|
|
P =
I2 R
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Energie
elektrische stroom
|
|
|
|
E = P t
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Stroomsterkte
bij parallelschakeling
|
|
|
I =
I1 + I2 + …
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Vervangingsweerstand
parallelschakeling
|
|
1 /
Rv = 1 / R1 + 1 / R2 + …
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Spanning
bij serieschakeling
|
|
|
|
U =
U1 + U2 …
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Vervangingsweerstand
bij serieschakeling
|
|
Rv = R1 + R2 + …
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Weerstand
homogene draad
|
|
|
|
R =
ϱ (ℓ / A)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elektromagnetisme
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Toename
kinetische energie
|
|
|
|
q U = Δ 1/2 m v2
|
|
|
|
|
van
geladen deeltje in elektrisch veld
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Veldsterkte
|
|
|
|
|
E =
F / q
|
|
|
|
Arbeid
door veld
|
|
|
|
|
WA→B = q (VA - VB)
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Lorentzkracht
op stroomvoerende geleider
|
|
FL = B I ℓ sin α
|
|
|
|
*
|
Lorentzkracht
op bewegend
|
|
|
|
FL = B q v
|
|
|
|
|
elektrisch
geladen deeltje
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Magnetische
inductie spoel
|
|
|
|
B =
(μ0 N I) / ℓ
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inductie
en wisselstromen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Magnetische
flux
|
|
|
|
|
Φ = Bn A
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Inductiespanning
|
|
|
|
|
Uind = N (│ΔΦ│ / Δt)
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Wisselspanning
|
|
|
|
|
U
(t) = Umax sin (2
π f t)
|
|
|
|
*
|
Wisselstroom
|
|
|
|
|
I
(t) = Imax sin (2
π f t)
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Effectieve
spanning
|
|
|
|
|
Ueff = 1/2 √ 2 (Umax)
|
|
|
|
*
|
Effectieve
stroomsterkte
|
|
|
|
Ieff = 1/2 √ 2 (Imax)
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Transformator
|
|
|
|
|
Up / Us = Np / Ns
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Transformator
|
|
|
|
|
Up Ip = Us Is
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elektromagnetisch
spectrum
|
|
|
|
3,00e+008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elektromagnetisch
spectrum
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Golflengte
|
|
|
|
|
c = f λ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Energie
van een foton
|
|
|
|
Ef = h f
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Energie
van een foton
|
|
|
|
Ef = h (c / λ)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foto-elektrisch
effect
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Uittree-arbeid
|
|
|
|
|
Wu = h fgrens
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fotoelektrisch
effect
|
|
|
|
Ek max = h f - Wu
|
|
|
|
|
Spectraallijn
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Spectraallijn
|
|
|
|
|
ΔE = h f
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mechanica
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Arbeid
en energie
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Kinetische
energie
|
|
|
|
|
Ek = 1/2 m v2
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Zwaarte
energie
|
|
|
|
|
E z= m g h
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Arbeid
|
|
|
|
|
|
W=
F s cosα
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Wet
van arbeid en kinetische energie
|
|
|
Σ W
= 1/2 m v22 - 1/2 m v12
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Rendement
|
|
|
|
|
η =
(Wuit / Ein) 100%
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Vermogen
|
|
|
|
|
P = F v
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Vermogen
|
|
|
|
|
P =
Δ E / Δ t
|
|
|
|
Kracht
en moment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Tweede
wet van Newton
|
|
|
|
Fres = m a
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Krachtmoment
|
|
|
|
|
M = F r
|
|
|
|
Kromlijnige
beweging
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Afgelegde
baan
|
|
|
|
|
s
(t) = φ (t) r
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
φ
(t) afgelegde hoek in rad
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Baansnelheid
|
|
|
|
|
v =
(2 π r) / T
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Afgelegde
hoek
|
|
|
|
|
φ
(t) = ω t
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Hoeksnelheid
|
|
|
|
|
ω =
2 π / T
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Baan-
en hoeksnelheid
|
|
|
|
v = ω r
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Middelpuntzoekende
versnelling
|
|
|
a mpz = v2 / r
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Middelpuntzoekende
versnelling
|
|
|
a mpz = ω2r
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Middelpuntzoekende
kracht
|
|
|
|
F mpz = m v2 / r
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Middelpuntzoekende
kracht
|
|
|
|
F mpz = m ω2 r
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Gravitatiekracht
|
|
|
|
|
Fg = G (m1 m2) / r2
|
|
|
|
|
Rechtlijnige
beweging
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Gemiddelde
snelheid
|
|
|
|
<v>
= Δx / Δt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemiddelde
versnelling
|
|
|
|
<a>
= Δv / Δt
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Eenparige beweging)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Snelheid
|
|
|
|
|
|
v =
Δx / Δt
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Verplaatsing
|
|
|
|
|
s
(t) = v t
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Eenparig versnelde beweging)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Snelheid
|
|
|
|
|
|
v
(t) = v (0) + a t
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Versnelling
|
|
|
|
|
a =
Δv / Δt
|
|
|
|
|
|
Verplaatsing
met beginsnelheid
|
|
|
s
(t) = v (0) t + 1/2 a t2
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Verplaatsing
zonder beginsnelheid
|
|
|
s
(t) = 1/2 a t2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Optica
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Breking
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Brekingswet
van Snellius
|
|
|
|
n =
sin i / sin r
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Grenshoek
|
|
|
|
|
sin
g = 1 / n
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Breking
(Huygens)
|
|
|
|
|
n1 → 2 = c1 / c2
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
Golflengte
|
|
|
|
|
c = f λ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Breking
(Huygens)
|
|
|
|
|
n1 → 2 = sin i / sin r
|
|
|
|
|
Breking
(Huygens)
|
|
|
|
|
n1 → 2 = v1 / v2
|
|
|
|
|
Lenzen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Vergroting
|
|
|
|
|
Nlin = │b / v│
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Lenzen
formule
|
|
|
|
|
1/f
= 1/b + 1/v
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Vergroting
|
|
|
|
|
N
= B / V
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Sterkte
lens
|
|
|
|
|
S = 1 / f
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tralie
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
tralie
|
|
|
|
|
|
sin
α = n λ / d
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(n
= 1, 2, …)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Radioactiviteit
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Absorptie
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Verzwakking
γ - straling
|
|
|
|
I
(x) = I (0) (1/2)(x/d1/2)
|
|
|
|
|
Activiteit
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Vervalconstante
|
|
|
|
|
λ
= (1 / τ ) ln 2
|
|
|
|
*
|
Activiteit
|
|
|
|
|
|
A
(t) = - ΔN (t) / Δt
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Activiteit
|
|
|
|
|
|
A
(t) = λ N (t)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bouw
kern
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Aantal
nucleonen in kern
|
|
|
|
A
= N + Z
|
|
|
|
Dosis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Dosis
|
|
|
|
|
|
D
= Estr / m
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Effectieve
dosis
|
|
|
|
|
H
= Q D
|
|
|
|
|
|
Massadefect
en energie
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Einstein
|
|
|
|
|
|
E
= m c2
|
|
|
|
Radioactief
verval
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
radioactief
verval
|
|
|
|
|
N
(t) = N (0) (1/2)(1/τ)
|
|
|
|
radioactief
verval
|
|
|
|
|
A
(t) = A (0) (1/2)(1/τ)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trillingen
en golven
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trillingen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Frequentie
|
|
|
|
|
f = 1 / T
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Uitgerekte
veer kracht
|
|
|
|
Fveer = C u
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Uitgerekte
veer energie
|
|
|
|
Eveer = 1/2 C u2
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Trillingstijd
massa-veersysteem
|
|
|
T
= 2 π √ (m / C)
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Trillingstijd
mathematische slinger
|
|
|
T
= 2 π √ (l / g)
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Harmonische
trilling uitwijking
|
|
|
u
(t) = A sin (2 π f t)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
op
t = 0 s dan φ = 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Harmonische
trilling maximale snelheid
|
|
|
vmax = 2 π f A
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Trillingsenergie
|
|
|
|
|
Etr = 1/2 C A2
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Trillingsenergie
|
|
|
|
|
Etr = 1/2 m v2max
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fase
|
|
|
|
|
|
φ
(t) = t / T
|
|
|
|
|
|
Golven
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Golflengte
|
|
|
|
|
λ = v T
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Golflengte
|
|
|
|
|
v = f λ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Faseverschil
lopende golf
|
|
|
|
Δ φ = Δx / λ
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Voorwaarde
voor staande golf snaar
|
|
|
l
= n 1/2 λ
|
|
|
|
|
|
(twee
vaste uiteinden)
|
|
|
|
(n
= 1, 2, …)
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Voorwaarde
voor staande golf luchtkolom
|
|
l
= (2n - 1) 1/4 λ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(een
uiteinde gesloten en een uiteinde open)
|
|
(n
= 1, 2, …)
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Aan
1 kant ingeklemde staaf
|
|
|
|
l
= (2n - 1) 1/4 λ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(n
= 1, 2, …)
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Twee
open uiteinden
|
|
|
|
l
= n 1/2 λ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(n
= 1, 2, …)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vloeistoffen,
gassen en warmteleer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vloeistoffen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Dichtheid
|
|
|
|
|
ρ = m / V
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vloeistofdruk
|
|
|
|
|
pvl = ρ g h
|
|
|
|
|
Continuiteitswet
|
|
|
|
|
A1 v1 = A2 v2
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gassen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Druk
|
|
|
|
|
|
p
= F / A
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Kelvintemperatuur
|
|
|
|
|
T
= t + 273
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Algemene
gaswet (1)
|
|
|
|
p
V / T = n R (= constant)
|
|
|
|
*
|
Algemene
gaswet (2)
|
|
|
|
p1 V1 / T1 = p2 V2 / T2
|
|
|
|
|
Warmte
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Soortelijke
warmte
|
|
|
|
|
Q
= m c ΔT
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Warmte
capaciteit
|
|
|
|
|
Q
= C ΔT
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ^
|
Soortelijke
warmte
|
|
|
|
|
C
= m c
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Kelvintemperatuur
|
|
|
|
|
T
= t + 273
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rendement
|
|
|
|
|
η
= (Pnuttig / Pin) 100%
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuiteitswet
|
|
|
|
|
A1 v1 = A2 v2
|
|
|
|