|
|
Periodiek systeem der elementen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reactiesnelheid
|
|
|
|
Chemisch
evenwicht
|
|
|
|
Thermodynamica
|
|
|
|
Elektrochemie
|
|
|
|
Spectrometrie
|
|
|
|
pH
|
|
|
|
Concentratie
en dichtheid
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Periodiek
systeem der elementen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Element
naam
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Atoomnummer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Atoommassa
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elektronenconfiguratie
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subschillen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oxidatietoestanden
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reactiesnelheid
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reactie
|
|
|
|
|
|
mA
+ nB → qC + rD
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1e
orde reactie
|
A → …
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s =
k [A]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ln
([A]0 / [A]) = k t
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2e
orde reactie
|
2 A → …
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s =
k [A]2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 /
[A] - 1 / [A]0 = k
t
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2e
orde reactie
|
A +
B → …
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s =
k [A] [B]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 /
([A] -[A]0) ln
([A] [B]0 /
[A]0 [B]) =
k t
|
|
|
|
|
|
Verband
reactieconstante en activeringsenergie (Ea)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kT
= Ae -Ea/RT
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ea = R T1 T2 / (T1 - T2) ln (kT1 / kT2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chemisch
evenwicht
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Homogeen
systeem
|
|
mA
+ nB ↔ qC + rD
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Concentratiebreuk
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bij
evenwicht:
|
|
|
|
Qc = [C]q [D]r / [A]m [B]n
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Qc = Kc
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Voor
gasevenwichten
|
|
|
Qp = pcq pdr / pam pbn
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Qp = Kp
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Thermodynamica
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Verandering
van gibbsenergie
|
|
ΔG
= ΔH - T ΔS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(vrije enthalpieverandering)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bij
benadering is
|
|
|
|
ΔG0 (T) = ΔH0 (298) - T ΔS0 (298)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Verband
evenwichtsconstante
|
|
|
ΔG0 (T) = - RT ln K
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
en verandering gibbsenergie
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elektrochemie
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vergelijkingen
van Nernst voor de halfreactie
|
|
Red
↔ Ox + n e-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nernst
|
|
|
|
|
V =
V0 + (RT / nF) ln
(Ox / Red)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nernst
bij 298 K
|
|
|
|
V =
V0 + (0,059 / n)
ln (Ox / Red)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Spectrometrie
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wet
van Lambert-Beer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Extinctie
|
|
|
|
|
E =
ε [A] L
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Waarin
|
|
|
|
|
E =
- log (I / I0)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pH
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pH
|
|
|
|
|
pH
= - log (H30+)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Concentratie
en dichtheid
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Concentratie
|
|
|
|
c =
n / V
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dichtheid
|
|
|
|
ϱ = m / V
|
|
|
|
|
